Biosimilars

US Federal Trade Commission issues report on biosimilars

Biosimilars/News | Posted 05/08/2009

The US Federal Trade Commission (FTC) released a report entitled Follow-on Biologic Drug Competition, which examines whether the price of biological drugs could be reduced by competition from so-called ‘follow-on biologics’ (FOBs) or biosimilars.

New expression systems create competitive advantage

Biosimilars/News | Posted 05/08/2009

New, alternative expression systems in various stages of development are showing their viability in large-scale protein manufacture. The economics and increased simplicity of these new platforms make them better alternatives to the currently dominant E. coli, yeast and CHO systems.

High yields and human-like glycosylation with DSM’s technology

Biosimilars/News | Posted 05/08/2009

DSM says that studies done at its R & D laboratories in Groningen, The Netherlands, show that its extreme density (XD) technology boosts bioreactor productivity and titers of mammalian cell culture processes for protein and antibody production. The studies show that the yields from Chinese hamster ovary cell cultures can be increased 5-10 fold over their previous fed-batch processes using only off the shelf, commercially available media.

Biosimilars and biopharmaceuticals: the ERA-EDTA position

Biosimilars/Research | Posted 05/08/2009

In a position paper by the European Renal Association - European Dialysis and Transplant Association (ERA-EDTA) Council in Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation written by Adrian Covic of the Parhon University Hospital in Iasi, Romania – who received financial gratitude for congress participation, lectures and clinical trials from: Amgen, Affimax, F. Hoffmann-La Roche and Janssen-Cilag – and co-authors, it is stated that biosimilars may offer considerable advantages to hard-pressed healthcare economies, as the costs of providing effective therapies in a variety of new and existing disease areas increase progressively. However, a decision to permit their use clinically should be balanced by a clear mandate to ensure as with all biopharmaceutical agents, that patients, physicians and pharmacists truly understand the complex arguments and decisions which apply to this new and challenging area. In particular, pharmacovigilance is a responsibility that is shared between the pharmaceutical industry, pharmacists and physicians, with appropriately informed and educated patients. Ease of tracing and identification of new/substituted agents especially when dealing with patients who may be exposed to injected therapies for many years is a pivotal requirement and one where new input into nomenclature decisions and systems is now urgently needed. Any decision to employ biosimilar biopharmaceuticals should be taken with appropriate knowledge and understanding of this complex area by the primary responsible physician, after a careful appraisal of the advantages and disadvantages of taking this course of action, and with appropriate systems for pharmacovigilance in place.

The challenge of biosimilars

Biosimilars/Research | Posted 05/08/2009

In a study by Professor Håkan Mellstedt of the Karolinska University Hospital Solna, Stockholm, Sweden, Professor Dietger Niederwieser of the University of Leipzig, Germany, and Heinz Ludwig of the Wilhelminenspital, Vienna, Austria – who all served as ad hoc scientific advisors to Amgen – issues associated with the introduction of alternative versions of biosimilars used in the oncology setting were reviewed.

Scientific and legal viability of follow-on protein drugs

Biosimilars/Research | Posted 05/08/2009

Since recombinant human insulin (Humulin) became the first recombinant-protein drug approved by the FDA 25 years ago, nearly 100 recombinant-protein therapeutics including other hormones and monoclonal antibodies, have become part of clinical practice. Though small-molecule drugs are more common than recombinant-protein drugs – only one of the top 200 prescribed drugs of 2006 (on the basis of prescription volume) was a recombinant protein – protein-based therapeutics have been used to treat diabetes and anaemia, as well as relatively rarer conditions, such as rheumatoid arthritis, Gaucher's disease, and multiple sclerosis.

Economic issues with follow-on protein products

Biosimilars/Research | Posted 30/07/2009

The economic effects of the possible introduction of follow-on protein products have been the subject of recent debate. In a study by Mr Michael Lanthier, Ms Rachel Behrman and Mr Clark Nardinelli of the US FDA, it was aimed to explore the economic issues surrounding this debate using three measures: total sales, product complexity and patent expiry.

Biosimilar substitution: Listen to all lobbyists

Biosimilars/News | Posted 30/07/2009

In December 2007 a British parliamentary review was conducted on the issue of biosimilars. At a British meeting it was told that “automatic substitution rules do not apply to biologicals.” The recommendation of the panel was that “there should be an urgent ban on the substitution of biopharmaceuticals in the UK until effective safeguards can be relied upon.”

The economics of follow-on drug research and development

Biosimilars/Research | Posted 30/07/2009

The development of so-called ‘me-too’ or ‘follow-on’ drugs by the pharmaceutical industry has been viewed by some as duplicative and wasteful, while others have argued that these drugs often provide needed therapeutic options and inject some price competition into the marketplace.

Shifting paradigms: biopharmaceuticals versus low molecular weight drugs

Biosimilars/Research | Posted 30/07/2009

Biopharmaceuticals are pharmaceutical products consisting of (glyco)proteins. Nowadays a substantial part of the FDA-approved drugs belong to this class of drugs.

Rejected biosimilars: the Biferonex case

Biosimilars/Research | Posted 30/07/2009

On 19 February 2009, the Committee for Medicinal Products for Human Use (CHMP) of the EMEA recommended refusal of the marketing authorisation for the medicinal product Biferonex intended for the treatment of relapsing remitting multiple sclerosis. The company that applied for authorisation was BioPartners GmbH.

Rejected biosimilars: the Insulin Human Rapid Marvel case

Biosimilars/Research | Posted 30/07/2009

On 20 December 2007, Marvel LifeSciences Ltd officially notified the Committee for Medicinal Products for Human Use (CHMP) of the EMEA that it wished to withdraw its applications for marketing authorisations for Insulin Human Rapid Marvel, Insulin Human Long Marvel and Insulin Human 30/70 Mix Marvel (active substance: insulin human), for the treatment of diabetes mellitus.

Rejected biosimilars: the Alpheon case

Biosimilars/Research | Posted 30/07/2009

On 28 June 2006 the Committee for Medicinal Products for Human Use (CHMP) of the EMEA recommended the refusal of marketing authorisation for Alpheon (interferon alfa-2a), which was intended for the treatment of adult patients with chronic hepatitis C in combination with the antiviral medicine ribavirin (except when patients could not take this).

Indian Reliance Life Sciences to launch four more biosimilars by next year

Biosimilars/News | Posted 30/07/2009

Reliance Life Sciences, based in Mumbai, India, announced on 29 March 2009 in the Indian Business Standard that it will launch four biosimilars by next year.

Indian firms may well take large slice of global biosimilars pie

Biosimilars/News | Posted 30/07/2009

Since the Indian government announced that it wants to make almost US$70 million (Euros 49.7 million) in funding available for the development of biosimilar medicines, Indian generics firms adapt their strategies and plan to go abroad. The proposed US$68 million (Euros 48.3 million) in funding just announced by India's Department of Biotechnology would be offered through the Biotech Industry Partnership Programme, with soft loans being available for biosimilar development at an interest rate of about 2%.

Third US biosimilars bill introduced: five years market exclusivity with user fee

Biosimilars/News | Posted 30/07/2009

On 26 March 2009 a third biosimilars bill was introduced in the US by Senators Chuck Schumer, Sherrod Brown, Jeanne Shaheen and Debbie Stabenow, Susan Collins, Mel Martinez and David Vitter. The bipartisan plan would give branded biologicals five years of market exclusivity, up to an additional three years to cover modifications, claiming this will give patients quicker access to cheaper drugs.

Developing biosimilars: potential risks and challenges

Biosimilars/Research | Posted 30/07/2009

Biologicals and biosimilars may often be beneficial, but sometimes new products may also give rise to some risks. Therefore it is important that clinicians familiarise themselves with the relevant literature on the safety and efficacy of these agents in various patient populations.

Key issues with biosimilars: variability problems

Biosimilars/Research | Posted 30/07/2009

Analytical studies have revealed the extent of heterogeneity of biopharmaceuticals produced by different manufacturing processes around the world. Key differences have been found in the structure, stability, composition, concentration and activity of manufactured erythropoietins (epoetins or EPOs).

Key issues with biosimilars: manufacturing impacts

Biosimilars/Research | Posted 30/07/2009

The first generation biopharmaceuticals are copies of endogenous human proteins, such as erythropoietin, insulin, growth hormones and cytokines, developed using recombinant DNA technology or hybridoma techniques. These compounds have revolutionised the treatment of many diseases, including anaemia, cancer, diabetes, hepatitis and multiple sclerosis. With expiring patents the market opens to biosimilar versions of these products.

Biosimilars: it is not as simple as cost alone

Biosimilars/Research | Posted 29/07/2009

Biosimilars or follow-on biologics (FOBs) are biopharmaceuticals that, unlike small molecule generic products, are copies of larger, much more complex proteins. As such, data generated from one biopharmaceutical cannot be extrapolated to another. Unlike small molecule generics, FOBs require a full developmental programme, albeit smaller than for an originator product. This has been recognized by European regulatory authorities and it is becoming clear that accelerated processes for FOB marketing approval are not feasible.