Biosimilars

Regulation and uptake of ‘similar biologics’ in India

India has, by far, demonstrated the greatest acceptance of ‘similar biologics’. But what are the drivers and the limitations to the ‘similar biologics’ market in India? This is a question Dr Nagaraj Malipatil, a clinical pharmacologist, from Bangalore, India tried to address in his review of similar biologics in India [1].

Assessing the immunogenicity of monoclonal antibodies

Safety is a major concern when it comes to biologicals (including biosimilars) and the most critical safety concern is immunogenicity. This is especially important in monoclonal antibody (mAb) biologicals, which are large molecules with complex structures and functions and which represent the largest class of biologicals [1].

Positive phase III results for adalimumab biosimilar

US-based biologicals giant Amgen announced on 9 November 2015 that results from a phase III study of its adalimumab biosimilar (ABP 501) had ‘met the primary endpoint’.

FDA accepts application for pegfilgrastim biosimilar

Sandoz, the generics division of Novartis, announced on 18 November 2015 that its regulatory submission for its proposed pegfilgrastim biosimilar had been accepted by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA).

Infliximab price wars

Merck has reportedly slashed the price of its blockbuster Remicade (Infliximab) in the UK in order to fight off growing competition from infliximab biosimilars.

Outcry at new US biosimilars reimbursement policy

A newly announced US Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS) rule that gathers together all biosimilars of a single reference product under just one code has been widely criticized by drugmakers. Drugmakers warn that the rule on Medicare physician payment would reduce incentives for developing biosimilars, reduce patient access and create safety issues due to the inability to differentiate between biosimilars and reference products.

EMA recommends approval of etanercept biosimilar

The European Medicines Agency’s (EMA) Committee for Medicinal Products for Human Use (CHMP) announced on 19 November 2015 that it had recommended granting of marketing authorization for a biosimilar etanercept product (SB4).

Amgen submits biosimilar adalimumab application to FDA

Biotech giant Amgen announced on 25 November 2015 that it had submitted an application for marketing approval for its adalimumab biosimilar (ABP 501) to the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA).

AE reporting for biologicals

Researchers from the Tufts Center for the Study of Drug Development (Tufts CSDD) sought to answer [1] examined primary suspect reports sent to the US Food and Drug Administration’s (FDA) Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS) from US reporters for two biologicals that have lost patent exclusivity – somatropin and human insulin. The study was carried out to inform both FDA and the global drug development community about how naming of biosimilars might affect the traceability of adverse events (AEs).

Positive phase III results for etanercept biosimilar

On 9 November 2015, biopharmaceutical specialists Coherus and Baxalta (a spin-off company from Baxter International) announced positive results from a phase III study of its etanercept biosimilar (CHS-0214).

Biosimilar naming in the US, the debate continues

The United States Pharmacopeial Convention (USP) has called on the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) to reconsider its draft guidance Nonproprietary Naming of Biological Products: Guidance for Industry.

Biosimilar naming conventions around the world

Naming conventions from around the world was one of the topics investigated in a study by researchers from the Tufts Center for the Study of Drug Development (Tufts CSDD) [1].

Positive phase III results for Samsung Bioepis biosimilars

Results of phase III clinical studies of candidate etanercept biosimilar SB4 infliximab biosimilar SB2 and adalimumab biosimilar SB5 have all met their primary endpoints, according to an announcement on 7 November 2015 by Samsung Bioepis (a Biogen and Samsung joint venture).

Celltrion submits rituximab biosimilar application to EMA

South Korean biotechnology company Celltrion has, according to Business Korea, submitted a second biosimilar application to the European Medicines Agency (EMA).

Biologicals patent expiries

Biosimilars are now a reality. The European Medicines Agency (EMA) approved its first biosimilar back in 2006 [1] and, with the increasing price of new biologicals and continuing pressure on healthcare budgets, biosimilars are expected to make up an increasing share of the biologicals market.

Biosimilars and interchangeability

In a study by researchers from the Tufts Center for the Study of Drug Development (Tufts CSDD) the question of interchangeability around the world was one of the topics investigated [1].

Economic considerations for rheumatoid arthritis biosimilars

In the paper by Gulácsi et al. [1], the authors stated that biosimilars have the potential to reduce costs and increase patient access to biologicals in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and other chronic inflammatory rheumatic and bowel diseases.

Formycon starts phase III trial for ranibizumab biosimilar

German biosimilars companies Formycon and Bioeq announced on 7 October 2015 that they had initiated a pivotal phase III clinical trial with their candidate ranibizumab biosimilar (FYB201).

Non-originator low molecular weight heparins: generics or biosimilars

First developed in the 1980s, low molecular weight heparins (LMWHs) are complex anticoagulants derived from porcine intestinal mucosa and are used in the treatment of deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism. Heparin sodium’s anticoagulant activity is mainly governed by its ability to bind to the serine protease inhibitor antithrombin (AT). In this sense, heparin sodium functions as a cofactor for AT by modifying its conformation, thereby accelerating the inactivation of clotting factors.

Positive phase I results for adalimumab biosimilar

In an announcement on 28 October 2015, biopharmaceutical specialist Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals (Boehringer Ingelheim) claimed that results from a phase I study of its adalimumab biosimilar (BI 695501) had ‘demonstrated pharmacokinetic bioequivalence’ to Humira (adalimumab).

Biosimilar naming and AE reporting

How will biosimilar naming affect the ability to attribute adverse events (AEs) to a particular product? This is a question researchers from the Tufts Center for the Study of Drug Development (Tufts CSDD) sought to answer [1].

Biosimilars of ranibizumab

Last update: 4 December 2020

Ranibizumab is a monoclonal antibody fragment created from the same parent mouse antibody as bevacizumab. Ranibizumab inhibits angiogenesis (the formation of new blood vessels) by inhibiting vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGF-A), a mechanism similar to bevacizumab [1]. 

Boehringer Ingelheim stops biosimilar rituximab development

Germany-based Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals (Boehringer Ingelheim) has reportedly halted clinical development for its biosimilar version (BI 695500) of Roche’s blockbuster leukaemia treatment Rituxan/MabThera (rituximab).

Rituximab biosimilar claimed similar pharmacokinetics to originator

A phase I/II study of Pfizer’s rituximab biosimilar candidate PF-05280586 has shown similar pharmacokinetic (PK) properties, according to Jacobs and co-authors [1].

Biosimilars use in Italy increasing

A study of the use of biosimilars in four large Italian geographic areas has found that the use of biosimilar erythropoiesis-stimulating agents (ESAs), especially in naïve patients, increased significantly during the years 2009–2013 [1].

Call for compulsory license for biosimilar trastuzumab emtansine

A pressure group, which includes both patients and doctors, has called for the UK Government to overturn patents on Roche’s breast cancer treatment Kadcyla (trastuzumab emtansine).

Candidate infliximab biosimilar SB2 equivalent to Remicade

Results from a phase III clinical trial for a candidate biosimilar version of infliximab in patients suffering from rheumatoid arthritis has shown SB2 to be equivalent to Remicade [1].

Insulin glargine biosimilar in US delayed until end 2016

Pharmaceutical majors Eli Lilly and Sanofi announced on 28 September 2015 that the two companies had agreed to end the legal dispute over biosimilar insulin glargine in the US and to discontinue similar disputes worldwide.

Australia’s DoH seeks feedback on biosimilars awareness project

Australia’s Department of Health (DoH) wants to improve awareness and confidence in biosimilars in the community and among healthcare professionals, including pharmacists and prescribers. To do this the DoH has developed an implementation framework, for which it is seeking feedback.

Pharmacovigilance compliance for biocomparables in Mexico

Filgrastim is widely used in Mexico, as in other countries. Its patent has expired and hence several non-originator biologicals have appeared. Following WHO guidelines, the General Health Law of Mexico was modified in 2009 to provide a solid regulatory environment for biosimilars (or biocomparables as they are called in Mexico) [1].

Positive phase I results for pegfilgrastim biosimilar

US-based biosimilars developer Coherus BioSciences (Coherus) announced on 1 October 2015 that results from a phase I study of its pegfilgrastim biosimilar (CHS‑1701) had met its primary endpoint.

Baxalta and Momenta start phase III trial for adalimumab biosimilar

Baxalta – a spinoff company from Baxter International – and US-based biotechnology firm Momenta Pharmaceuticals (Momenta) announced on 5 October 2015 that they had started a phase III clinical trial for their adalimumab biosimilar (M923) in patients with chronic plaque psoriasis.

European paediatricians advocate biosimilar trials in children with IBD

Paediatricians from Europe are concerned about the extrapolation of the limited amount of available clinical data from adults with rheumatologic diseases to children with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) [1].

Answers to questions about anti-TNF biosimilars

While the potential pharmacoeconomic benefits of cost-effective biosimilars seem clear, several issues have been raised regarding, for example, the definition of biosimilarity and the validity of indication extrapolation, as well as the ‘switchability’ and relative immunogenicity of biosimilars and their reference drugs. In a review by Isaacs and co-authors, these questions with reference to CT-P13 (Remsima, Inflectra), a biosimilar of the anti-tumour necrosis factor (TNF) monoclonal antibody infliximab (Remicade) were discussed [1].

FDA accepts application for etanercept biosimilar

Sandoz, the generics division of Novartis, announced on 2 October 2015 that the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) had accepted its application for its etanercept biosimilar (GP2015).

Another infliximab switching trial started

In The Netherlands another study has been initiated into the effects of switching patients from originator infliximab to biosimilar infliximab.

Biosimilar epoetin-α as effective as originator in anaemia treatment

A study by researchers in Italy has concluded that biosimilar epoetin‑α appears to be comparable to originator epoetin‑α plus liposomal iron (Sideral), vitamin B12 and folates in terms of efficacy and safety for the treatment of refractory anaemia [1].

Biosimilar etanercept safe and effective

In a study funded by Samsung Bioepis (a Biogen and Samsung joint venture), their candidate etanercept biosimilar (SB4) has been found to be safe and well tolerated and to be equivalent in terms of efficacy compared to Enbrel (etanercept) in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) [1].

Positive phase III results for bevacizumab biosimilar

Results of a phase III trial have demonstrated the similarity of partners Amgen and Allergan’s biosimilar bevacizumab candidate (ABP 215) to Avastin in patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).

Biosimilar production in Malaysia

Malaysian biotech firm Inno Bio Ventures has announced the signing of a memorandum of understanding (MoU) with Iranian firm Aryogen Biopharma. The agreement will lead to the production of the first Malaysian-made biosimilars for the local and regional market.