Palivizumab is a humanized monoclonal antibody. It targets the fusion protein of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) inhibiting its entry into the cell and thereby preventing infection. Palivizumab is therefore used in the prevention of RSV infections.
The originator product, AstraZeneca (MedImmune)/AbbVie’s Synagis (palivizumab), was approved by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in June 1998 and by the European Medicines Agency (EMA) in August 1999 [1]. Synagis had 2016 sales of US$1.4 billion (AstraZeneca US$730 million/AbbVie US$677 million).
The patents on Synagis expired in the US in October 2015 and in Europe in August 2015 [1]. Some of the palivizumab biosimilars and non-originator biologicals* approved or in development are presented in Table 1.
Table 1: Biosimilars and copy biologicals* of palivizumab approved or in development
| Company name, Country
|
Product name
|
Stage of development
|
| Celltrion, South Korea
|
CT-P14
|
In pipeline
|
| iBio, China*
|
-
|
Successfully used its iBioLaunch technology to produce biosimilar palivizumab in non-transgenic green plants [2]
|
| *See editor’s comment
|
There are still no palivizumab biosimilars on the market despite the fact that the patents on Synagis have already expired highlights the difficulties in reproducing these complicated molecules.
Editor’s comment
It should be noted that ‘copy biologicals’ approved in China might not have been authorized following as strict a regulatory process as is required for approval of biosimilars in the European Union. The EMA (European Medicines Agency) regulatory requirements ensure the same high standards of quality, safety and efficacy for biosimilars as for originator biologicals, and also include a rigorous comparability exercise with the reference product.
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References
1. Derbyshire M. Patent expiry dates for biologicals: 2016 update. Generics and Biosimilars Initiative Journal (GaBI Journal). 2017;6(1):27-30. doi:10.5639/gabij.2017.0601.006
2. GaBI Online - Generics and Biosimilars Initiative. Also noted on biosimilars: 13 April 2012: Palivizumab biosimilar successfully produced in plants [www.gabionline.net]. Mol, Belgium: Pro Pharma Communications International; [cited 2017 Dec 1]. Available from: www.gabionline.net/Biosimilars/General/Also-noted-on-biosimilars-13-April-2012
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