Biosimilars

Assessment of biosimilarity for monoclonal antibodies

How therapeutic monoclonal antibody biosimilars are assessed for biosimilarity, was discussed by authors from the National Institute of Health Sciences and the Yokohama University of Pharmacy in Japan. Their review covers the basic concept of biosimilar development as well as pharmacokinetic data obtained via non-clinical and clinical studies of biosimilar therapeutic antibodies [1].

FDA releases new information on interchangeable biologicals

The US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has released new information on its website, clarifying the difference between biosimilars and interchangeable biologicals and says it will make more treatment options available to more people.

EC approval for rituximab biosimilar Ruxience

On 2 April 2020, pharma giant Pfizer announced that its rituximab biosimilar, Ruxience (PF‑05280586), had received European Commission (EC) approval.

Amgevita approved in Colombia

Colombia’s National Institute of Food and Drug Monitoring (INVIMA – Instituto Nacional de Vigilancia de Medicamentos y Alimentos) has approved the first adalimumab producto bioterapéutico similar (similar biotherapeutic product).

Biosimilars highlights: 2019

There were many biosimilars approved in 2019, as well as new clinical trials, research into issues surrounding biosimilar use, and significant regulatory changes [1], as summarized below.

Mabion withdraws application for rituximab biosimilar in EU

 Polish biologicals company Mabion Spolka Akcyjna (Mabion) has withdrawn its duplicate applications for its rituximab biosimilar, MabionCD20.

British Columbia releases latest data on biosimilar switches

The latest data on biosimilar switching in British Columbia, Canada shows that 28% of patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) have switched to a biosimilar version of their medication.

Clinical trials for adalimumab biosimilar BI 695501

The clinical trials, especially those in rheumatoid arthritis, used to support the approval of Boehringer Ingelheim’s BI 695501 (Cyltezo), were critically reviewed by authors from Argentina and the UK [1].

Clinical trials for adalimumab biosimilar ABP 501

The clinical trials used to support the approval of Amgen’s ABP 501 (Amjevita/Amgevita/
Solymbic) were critically reviewed by authors from Argentina and the UK [1].

Non-originator biologicals approved in Bosnia and Herzegovina

Russian biotechnology company Biocad announced on 30 March 2020 that it had received approval for two of its anticancer non-originator biologicals in Bosnia and Herzegovina.

Biocure developing five candidate biosimilars

South Korea’s pharmaceutical industry has fast been expanding as a world player. According to the Korea Health Industry Development Institute, the Korean pharmaceutical industry in 2018 represented 1.8% of the world market, i.e. the 13th largest in the world.

Positive phase III results for Hisun’s adalimumab copy biological

Positive results were reported from a phase III trial of an adalimumab copy biological, HS016, which compared the candidate adalimumab copy biological HS016 with originator adalimumab Humira for the treatment of active ankylosing spondylitis (AS) [1].

Biosimilars and the safe harbor provision

In the US, the safe harbor provision exempts drug development and approval from patent infringement provisions, and courts have interpreted the safe harbor to apply broadly to Food and Drug Administration (FDA) regulated and approved products, including biologicals. However, courts have continued to struggle with the application of the safe harbor to different types of FDA submissions as the regulatory process has become more complex – and largely have continued to expand its scope.

EMA recommends approval of etanercept biosimilar Nepexto

The European Medicines Agency’s (EMA) Committee for Medicinal Products for Human Use (CHMP) announced on 27 March 2020 that it had recommended granting of marketing authorization for a biosimilar etanercept product.

Access to biosimilars in China, the EU and the US

Access to more affordable treatments is the main driver for the approval of biosimilars. But how does this accessibility vary between Europe, the US and China?

Clinical trials supporting the approval of adalimumab biosimilars

Authors from Argentina and the UK critically review the evidence from trials of biosimilars in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) [1].

The Patients Association publishes new advice on switching to biosimilars

Patient advocacy group in the UK, The Patients Association, has published new information and an animated video about switching to biosimilars.

Use of anti-TNF biosimilars in the US

Uptake of biosimilars in the US is slow to say the least. In fact, biosimilars currently make up only 2.3% of the US biologicals marketplace [1]. Researchers from the US therefore investigated whether anti-tumour necrosis factor (anti-TNF) biosimilars are realizing their promise to increase competition and improve accessibility in the US [2].

Cost savings from the use of biosimilars in Canada

Analysis of the potential cost savings from the use of three biosimilars (filgrastim, infliximab and insulin glargine) in Canada shows that over CA$1 billion could have been saved in just a two-year period [1].

Denosumab copy biological clinical trial application accepted in China

China’s National Medical Products Administration (NMPA), formerly the China Food and Drug Administration (CFDA), has accepted a clinical trial application of denosumab copy biological HLX14.

Celltrion/Teva launch trastuzumab biosimilar Herzuma in US

Celltrion and Teva announced in March 2020 that they have launched their trastuzumab biosimilar Herzuma (trastuzumab-pkrb) in the US. Herzuma can be used to treat breast and gastric cancer and has recently been approved in Canada [1].

Clover starts phase III trial for etanercept copy biological in China

At the end of December 2019, Clover Biopharmaceuticals (Clover), a Chinese company focused on biological therapies, announced the start of a phase III trial of their etanercept copy biological (SCB-808), a proposed copy biological to originator biological Enbrel (etanercept).

US oncologist says Medicare should not practice medicine

Clinical oncologist, Dr Debra Patt, who serves on the US Oncology Research Breast Cancer Committee and chairs the breast cancer subsection of the pathways task force for The US Oncology Network, expresses her opinion on a new policy introduced by Medicare, which she believes is ‘having a negative impact on a patient’s outcome’.

Positive phase I results for Qilu’s bevacizumab copy biological

Positive results were reported from a phase I trial of a bevacizumab copy biological, QL1101, which the authors say is ‘the first study to compare the pharmacokinetics of QL1101, a proposed bevacizumab [copy biological], with Avastin’ [1].

Celltrion launches infliximab biosimilar Remsima SC in Europe

In a successful time for Celltrion Healthcare (Celltrion), the company has launched their infliximab biosimilar Remsima in Germany and the UK.

PK and PD similarity between pegfilgrastim biosimilar and Neulasta

Hexal AG has published phase I results for its approved pegfilgrastim biosimilar [1-3].

FDA and FTC collaborate to deter anti-competitive behaviour for biologicals

The US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and the Federal Trade Commission (FTC) announced on 3 February 2020 that they would enhance their collaboration when it comes to anti-competitive behaviour in the biologicals’ marketplace.

Arguments against Alberta’s plans to switch patients to biosimilars

In May 2019, the Canadian province of British Columbia introduced a policy of switching rheumatology patients to biosimilars [1]. Now, the province of Alberta is also considering plans to stop coverage of originator biologicals and switch patients to biosimilars for certain indications. The new policy, if introduced, will apply to the approximately 30,000 patients in Alberta living with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) [2].

Amgen starts phase III trial for aflibercept biosimilar

US-based biotech giant Amgen is initiating a phase III clinical trial for a biosimilar of Regeneron’s Eylea (aflibercept).

FDA publishes historic drug approvals and searchable Purple Book

The US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has released a dataset of drug approvals dating back to 1985 and an online, searchable version of the Purple Book of licensed biologicals.

Tackling the challenge of safe automatic substitution of biologicals

The costs of biologicals are challenging the sustainability of pharmacotherapy. Affordable biosimilars are expected to trigger competition within the biologicals market. Increasing real-world experience on biosimilars and clinical switching studies have led to position papers supporting the interchangeability of biosimilars with their reference products under the supervision of the prescriber [1]. However, the uptake of biosimilars has been poor in Finland, since physicians have been reluctant to prescribe biosimilars, especially in the outpatient setting. One option to stimulate the uptake of biosimilars is the automatic substitution of biologicals at the pharmacy level.

Biosimilars in the age of patient-centricity

In 2020, nearly all pharmaceutical companies claim to be ‘patient-centric’. In fact, some companies have even initiated processes of designing new treatments ‘around the patient’ and convened ‘Patient Advisory Boards’ to ensure patients provide their input into clinical trial design. In addition, though to a lesser extent, some have also developed educational programmes to ensure clinicians and patients truly understand the use and function of biosimilars. Regulators have also participated in the effort to ensure that patients consent to be prescribed biosimilar treatments and are well informed of their relative risks and benefits. President of the French Association of Pharmaceutical Medicine, Dr Francois-Xavier Frapaise, discusses how these latest ‘patient-centric’ efforts affect patients [1].

FDA accepts application for Mylan’s bevacizumab biosimilar

US-based drugmaker Mylan announced on 27 February 2020 that the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) had accepted its application for its bevacizumab biosimilar (MYL 1402O).

Ontario becomes third Canadian province to switch patients to biosimilars

In Canada, the province of Ontario has followed Alberta and British Columbia in introducing a policy to switch certain patients to biosimilars.

Positive results for Bio-Thera’s bevacizumab copy biological

China-based Bio-Thera Pharmaceuticals (Bio-Thera) announced positive results from a phase III trial of its bevacizumab copy biological.

Reasons and solutions for the high cost of insulin in the US

The most commonly used forms of analogue insulin cost 10 times more in the US than in any other developed country. In fact, the cost of insulin in the country has more than tripled in the past 10 years [1]. This has led to patients rationing their insulin; something that does not happen in other developed countries, but is common in the US.

Bio-Thera launches first adalimumab copy biological in China

Bio-Thera Solutions (Bio-Thera) announced in January 2020 the launch of the first adalimumab copy biological in China. The drug can be used to treat rheumatoid arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis and plaque psoriasis and will be marketed as Qletli.

Mylan launches anti-cancer biosimilar in the US

The US drug market receives a new oncology biosimilar as Mylan launches its trastuzumab biosimilar, Ogivri.

Mylan launches anti-cancer biosimilar in the US

Pfizer launching biosimilars in US and Japan but not in EU

In early 2020, pharma giant Pfizer announced that it was launching its rituximab biosimilar in Japan and that it would be launching three new biosimilars onto the US market.

Relative bioavailability of FKB327 when administered using different methods

FKB327 is a biosimilar of Humira (adalimumab), a recombinant, human immunoglobulin G1 monoclonal antibody specific for human tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α). The European Medicines Agency approved FKB327, as Hulio, in 2018 [1].