In January 2019, the Pharmaceutical Care Management Association (PCMA) sent letters to congressional committees highlighting the value that PBMs provide to patients and payers. The letters also outline a number of legislative and regulatory proposals aimed at reducing prescription drug costs. These include calling on Congress to address Medicare Part D’s protected classes, to modify the requirement for two drugs per class and revise innovator biological exclusivity to 7 years. The PCMA is also launching a multi-faceted digital public affairs campaign ‘OnYourRxSide’, designed to increase awareness of the value of PBMs.

‘PBMs are advocates for consumers in the fight to lower prescription drug costs’, said PCMA President and CEO JC Scott. ‘While only manufacturers have the power to set prices, we recognize that we all have a role to play in helping to lower costs. PBMs have an established record of negotiating with manufacturers to reduce costs for consumers’.

On 31 January 2019, the US Department of Health and Human Services' Office of Inspector General announced a rule proposing the elimination of certain drug rebates and encouraging direct discounts for federal beneficiaries. The PCMA has raised that the Department must consider the impact that this will have on Medicare beneficiaries’ access to affordable prescription drugs, citing evidence that rebates are succeeding in reducing prescription drug costs.

An analysis commissioned by the Pharmacists Society of the State of New York (PSSNY) revealed that PBMs have been using “spread pricing”. This practice involves charging the payer one price for a drug, paying a lower price to the pharmacy supplying the drug and keeping the difference.

This analysis is one of the first attempts to quantify spread pricing in private Medicaid plans that cover approximately 4.3 million residents in the State of New York. In 2017, independent New York pharmacies included in the analysis were paid an average of US$10.85 per generic drug prescription by PBMs. Private health plans providing Medicaid coverage reported a cost of US$14.34 per prescription, representing a mark-up of 32% compared with the amount pharmacies were paid. According to the analysis, the mark-ups by PBMs more than doubled from 2016.

The PSSNY is a critic of the PBM industry, and represents small pharmacy owners distressed over reimbursements cut to unsustainable amounts. It claims that spread pricing is seen frequently in Medicaid managed care and that it has contributed to generic drug price increases. Spread pricing practices have previously been targeted by states such as Ohio, which forced PBMs contracted by its Medicaid program to abolish spread pricing models.

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